Cosmetic Consultations: Patient and Physician Perspectives on Scar Appearance

There are always differences in how providers and patients see both outcomes and - when there's surgery involved - normal byproducts of the treatment like scaring. Yep, patients see scarring different than you do as a surgeon.

You're already explaining scaring and expected results, but patients commonly discount what they see as secondary effects to the primary benefits. So while the new results are something that patients quickly adapt to as the 'new normal', but the scars - even if they're minimal - stay. If they're visible they can detract from the primary benefits over time.

A new article raises patient and physician perception of how patients and physicians disagree over the appearance of scars and it could cause some differences. What causes the disagreement over the evaluation of scars? The researchers looked for studies where the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) was present, and from there, researchers found most studies had expressed indifference towards the scars. Based on their findings, the common reason for disagreement towards a scar when patients have a favorable rating towards a scar, while physicians did not detect a difference on the scar.

Findings:

• Only 28% of the studies had disagreements toward scar appearance
• Sixty seven percent of the patients preferred a “given surgical closure method” (Zhang et al., 2018 p. E8) than what was performed.

Additionally, there is a psychosocial effect in the appearance of scars and in the quality of life of patient afflicted with surgical scars, as Zhang et al. also briefly discussed. Many patients are unhappy with the scar that results from their surgery. Dissatisfaction and depression had been reported on patients who had facial trauma (Negenborn, 2017). It is also alarming to learn how those with facial scarring would prefer to die than live with the scar on their face (Zhang et al., 2018).

The researchers recommend that a pre-operative discussion is necessary to set expectations, and that an improved assessment scale would help in identifying and rating scars better.

Several studies have investigated in the prevention of emerging scars and eventually treating them as well. 

According to Monstrey et al., (2014), silicone sheets or gels are the most effective non-invasive remedy to treat scars post-surgery. Additionally, some physicians would recommend massaging the scar to treat it. Other known treatment options for scar treatments are fat grafting-- which proved effective for several patients (Negenborn et al., 2017; Riyal et al., 2017), laser treatments (Alberti et al., 2017; Perez and Rohrich, 2017), and even botulinum toxin (Ziade et al., 2014).

So what to do?

Make sure that you're up front about expectations post treatment, but also walk through a treatment plan to address or treat side effects like scarring long term. (Especially if the patient is prone to keloid scarring) Patients can be expected to follow very specific pathways on how they view their results and you can go a long way in elevating their perceived outcomes if you spend just a little time up front.

Krachap Lips: Lip "reduction" in Thailand

For most patients it would be unthinkable to want to have smaller lips. Not so in Thailand.

Plastic surgery in Thailand is cheap (which makes it popular). It's also pretty dangerous, with little to no regulation or oversight of services.

A fashion trend in Thailand is for women to 

Lip reduction is an uncommon procedure in the US, but its counterpart, lip augmentation, is a common procedure, with two options in doing so. One is surgical lip augmentation, while thither is through dermal fillers. So far, the only available option in reducing lips is to treat it surgically.

A lip reduction would need to remove skin or excess tissue along the dry-wet line of the lip. The stitches remain to form a "new" lip line (where they either disolve or are removed manually).

In Thailand, they call it “krachap lips” wherein they reshape the lips as if they were buffalo horns with very pronounced curvers. (Removing distal portions of the lip along the vermilion border to achieve an exagerated 'bowed' look.) Lip reduction has been linked to Thai’s superstition of having smaller lips to good fortune explaining why many opt to undergo the procedureThe lips are modeled after actor Patcharapa “Aum” Chaichua. The procedure’s common and immediate side effects are redness, pain, bruising, and swelling. According to some websites, a lip reduction surgery costs anywhere from $800 to $2000 (US).

Despite botched consequences for other patients, it doesn’t stop some other potential patients undergoing the knife for the procedure. Presently, there are no significant studies about lip reduction.

Photos: Dr Apple Surgery/Facebook

Soft Tissue Fillers May Be Causing Blindness in Patients?

The rising popularity of soft tissue fillers has led to a rise in reports of side effects such as blindess.

The FDA approved the use of soft tissue fillers for the correction of moderate to severe facial wrinkles and skin folds (like the nasolabial folds). Some soft tissue fillers are approved for the restoration or correction of facial fat loss in people with HIV.

But according to the Food and Drug Administration, there are risks associated with the use of these fillers.

 Any soft tissue filler can cause long-term side effects, permanent side effects, or both. However, most side effects associated with soft tissue fillers happen shortly after injection and most go away in less than two weeks.

Swelling and pain after hand treatment may last a month or more. In some cases, side effects may appear weeks, months, or years after injection.

Among the rare side effects reported to the FDA are severe allergic reactions which require immediate emergency medical assistance, migration or movement of filler material from the site of injection, leakage, or rupture of the filler material at the injection site or through the skin (which may result from tissue reaction or infection).

There were also rare reports of formation of permanent hard nodules in the face or hand, vision abnormalities, including blindness, stroke, injury to the blood supply, and damage to the skin or the lips.

Recent reports by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. and published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. showed that with the rising popularity of soft tissue fillers has led to a rise in reports of adverse events.

The study conducted a literature review of the reported cases of blindness after the filler injection. The study also examined some prevention and management strategies that may be done.

The results were as follows:

• 98 cases of vision changes from filler were identified.
• The sites that were high risk for complications were the glabella (38.8%), nasal region (25.5%), nasolabial fold (13.3%), and forehead (12.2%).
• Autologous fat (47.9%) was the most common filler type to cause this complication, followed by hyaluronic acid (23.5%).
• The most common symptoms were immediate vision loss and pain and most of the cases of vision loss did not recover.
• Central nervous system complications were seen in 23.5% of the cases. No treatments were found to be consistently successful in treating blindness. 

Even though the risk of blindness from fillers is rare, researchers concluded that it is critical for injecting physicians to have a firm knowledge of the vascular anatomy and to understand key prevention and management strategies.

For more information: http://journals.lww.com/dermatologicsurgery/Abstract/2015/10000/Avoiding_and_Treating_Blindness_From_Fillers___A.1.aspx

2016 Trends: Classic and Elegant Beauty

The year 2016 is predicted to be a time for putting forward a classy, elegant, and modern yet effortless look.

Beauty experts reveal that  the trend is leaning more on the "natural" look as complexions are expected to be taking a softer turn with a subtle quality.

Glowing and luminous skin will be a trend. According to Vogue, the recent call to natural beauty was given a windswept polish this season, with healthy washes of sun-kissed blush at Gucci and Michael Kors Collection meeting the breeze-tousled waves of Versace, Alexander McQueen.

Its all about bright and pouty lips this 2016, with classic reds and browns as "in" lip colors as they balance against a backdrop of a bare skin.

Hairstyles are expected to be going back to basics as natural and effortless look will be in style and buns and ponytails will be given a fresh twist. As they say, less is more.

With these trends, minimally invasive aesthetic procedures are expected to be popular among medspa patients to achieve a more enhanced yet effortless and youthful look.

Non-surgical facelifts, use of autologous fat grafting, botox injections, and fillers are among the procedures that are expected to be a trend in 2016.

Non-invasive procedures which offer less pain and quick recovery are also seen to be popular among patients. 

For more beauty trends in 2016, you may browse: http://www.vogue.com/13359453/top-beauty-trends-spring-2016-fashion-week/.

Antidepressant Use in Plastic Surgery

"Stopping antidepressants before plastic and reconstructive surgery is unlikely to reduce complications--and might increase the risk of postoperative problems related to the patient's underlying depression."

This was reported by Dr. Isabel Teo of Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, and medical student Christopher Tam Song of University of Edinburgh after making a comprehensive literature review of the PubMed and Cochrane databases.

A total of 26 studies which assessed the effects of antidepressants on different plastic surgery risks were included for comparison including: risk of bleeding, risk of breast cancer, risk of breast cancer recurrence, breast enlargement, and other uique complications.

Evidences gathered has not debarred the increase in bleeding risk, breast cancer, or other adverse outcomes, according to the research review found in the issue of the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Journal.

Researchers Dr. Teo and Mr. Song stated that their review did not find consistent evidence of increased complications related to antidepressants. They said that risks associated with the stopping of prescribed antidepressant therapy in "psychologically vulnerable" patients likely outweigh any increase in complications.

According to them, discontinuation of antidepressants before surgery in the absence of a careful evaluation should be avoided. "Discontinuation syndrome" may happen to patients whose use of antidepressants - particularly the widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) - is stopped before surgery.

In conclusion, they said that:

This review does not support the cessation of antidepressants in patients before plastic surgery, as the numbers needed to harm are low and the implications of withdrawal may prove to be detrimental to postoperative management. 

However, the use of antidepressants for mental disorders may also implicate key patient risk factors for surgical complications, and sufficient exploration into the patient’s indications for the prescription is crucial. Evidence so far does not suggest that antidepressants increase the risk of breast cancer or recurrence in general, but caution should be exercised for those specifically on concurrent tamoxifen and paroxetine treatment.

Read more on: http://journals.lww.com/plasreconsurg/Fulltext/2015/11000/Assessing_the_Risks_Associated_with_Antidepressant.32.aspx

Revolutionary Single-stage Breast Reconstruction Procedure

This new procedure preserves the nipple, areola and surrounding skin by using a vertical mastectomy incision, a dermal flap for coverage, and a definitive adjustable smooth saline implant.

Hilton Becker, M.D., a local plastic and reconstructive surgeon and an affiliate professor in FAU's Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, studied and developed this procedure as an alternative to radical mastectomy. His findings were published in the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Journal, co-authored by Jeffrey Lind II, M.D.

According to Dr. Becker,

There are numerous advantages to using a vertical incision over a horizontal incision. From the surgical perspective, it allows for ease of access, and from an aesthetic perspective this incision leads to a better cosmetic result with a scar that resembles that of a breast lift procedure. The procedure is minimally invasive as no new tissue planes are opened after the general surgeon has completed the mastectomy.

Procedures that spare the nipple and skin have been shown to be oncologically safe and allow for much more flexibility in implant-based breast reconstruction. Single-stage breast reconstruction will become more important as there continues to be increasing financial strains on our healthcare system.

Elizabeth Hopkins is an aspiring physician and pre-med student who has been mentored by Dr. Becker. She is also a patient of his and shared her personal feedback after undergoing this new procedure.

This blessing in disguise introduced me to a brilliant surgeon whose unique procedure enabled me to have a skin and nipple sparing mastectomy free from animation deformity, which happens when implants are placed beneath the pectoral muscle – mine were placed over the muscle. Being his patient and working side-by-side with Dr. Becker has changed my life and will hopefully change the lives of many others.”

During the preliminary stage of the study, 31 patients with a median age of 51 underwent the single-stage breast reconstruction procedure. They were followed over the course of four and a half years.

Both a low complication rate and implant loss were shown and reported as part of the results of the procedure. Other benefits according to the authors of the study include: elimination of animation deformities or movement of the implants, elimination of asymmetry, less postoperative pain and discomfort, and a faster recovery.

In addition, the natural position of the implant above the muscle leads to a more natural feel.

Currently, both a one-stage and a two-stage reconstruction are available for patients.

In an immediate breast reconstruction, the plastic surgeon places the implant beneath the muscle of the patient's chest after the removal of the breast tissue. A special type of graft or an absorbable mesh is used to hold the implant in place, much like a hammock or sling.

In a two-stage reconstruction (also called delayed-immediate reconstruction), a short-term tissue expander is used wherein a saline-water solution is injected by the surgeon over a period of 2 to 3 months. When the skin over the breast has stretched enough, a permanent implant will be surgically done to replace the expander. This kind of reconstruction allows time for other treatment options such as radiation therapy to be done when it is needed by the patients.

For more info, you may visit:

http://www.fau.edu/newsdesk/articles/Mastectomy%20Alternative-study.php

What's The Best Music For Face Lifts?

The next time you're performing a face lift, consider what music you're listening to.

A survey of surgeons in the UK revealed that a whooping 90% listen to music while they are operating on their patients; with half of respondents favoring up-tempo rock, 17% pop music and 11% classical.

In fact, an article written by Henley J, “Music for surgery,” published in The Guardian (2011) revealed that plastic surgeons play the most music. When asked, the surgeons revealed that music contributed to creating a "harmonious and calm atmosphere."

According to a 1994 publication of the Journal of the American Medical Association,

Surgeon-selected music was associated with reduced autonomic reactivity and improved performance of a stressful nonsurgical laboratory task in study participants.

Further, researchers from the psychology department at the State University of New York at Buffalo, found that listening to Pachelbel was better than not listening to any music at all. There was a decreased stress and increased performance after surgeons listened to music, especially when it was their own choice.

A recent study reveals that listening to music may reduce the time spent on surgical closures. The study was conducted with 15 residents performing layered closures on a simulated wound model on a pig's feet. These were done with and without their preferred music.

Twelve residents (five lower level and seven upper level residents) completed both sessions, performing 48 repairs. Blinded faculty completed 144 repair ratings.

These were the results of the pig's feet study:

• There was an 8% overall reduction of operative time among all residents.
•  There was a 10% decrease in the operative time of surgical closure for upper-level residents who were listening to their music of choice.
•  A resident took an average of 11.5 minutes to complete the surgery without music. On the other hand, it only took 10.6 minutes to complete the repairs with music. 

The study further revealed that there was also an improved efficiency and repair quality for those who listened to music.

For patients, music reduces anxiety before surgery. A research done by Yale University anaesthetist Zeev Kain reveals that music decreases the amount of pain or the patient's needs for anxiety medication. A study by the department of anaesthesia at Glasgow's Western Infirmary surveyed 200 anaesthetists; it found 72% worked in theatres where music was played regularly, and around 63% generally enjoyed it.

Some 26%, though, said they thought music, especially music they didn't know and like, could at times "reduce vigilance and impair communication".

On the other side...

It's a distraction. Junior surgeons who are performing new tasks may be distracted by operating room music. This was reported in a November 2008 issue of Surgical Endoscopy.

For patients, it may also be a cause for discord and anxiety, especially when the music is not to their liking. The results are ultimately related to the surgeon's preferences as to the kind of music and its volume.

It is important that both create a harmony in the operating room between and among the surgeons and the patients. The reduction in the amount of time to perform a surgery finds a positive welcome in the healthcare environment.

The September 2015 issue of the Aesthetic Surgery Journal says that

In the current health care environment, where cost reduction is center stage and operative time is money, every second counts.

Read more on:

http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2011/sep/26/music-for-surgery http://cosmeticsurgerytimes.modernmedicine.com/cosmetic-surgery-times/news/music-improves-surgical-closures

Viability of Autologous Fat Calf Grafting

Research shows that autologous calf fat grafting is a viable alternative to traditional implant-based calf augmentation for congenital calf discrepancies and aesthetic pseudo-varus deformity.

According to the study published in the official publication of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS), Aesthetic Surgery Journal, fat grafting for slender calves provides results that are comparable to those obtainable via traditional methods. 

Some patients who want to undergo calf implants are concerned with the risks associated with the surgery and the possibility that strenuous exercise may cause the implant to move. Some plastic surgeons use silicone implants that is selected based on the patient's anatomy. These implants are placed under the fascia of the original calf muscle that is strong enough to withstand physical sporting activities.

Researchers Gerhard S. Mundinger and James E. Vogel pointed out in the research that there are few studies published regarding the advantages of fat grafting for calf augmentation and re-shaping compared with the traditional silicone calf implants.

According to Dr. James E. Vogel,

Autologous fat augmentation offers a number of advantages over calf implants, including liposuction in adjacent areas to improve calf contour, smaller incisions, additional augmentation through subsequent fat grafting, durable results, lack of foreign body reaction, and precise patient-specific adjustments not possible with off-the-shelf implants.

Medial and lateral calf augmentation was accomplished with injection of prepared autologous lipoaspirate intramuscularly and subcutaneously.

Thirteen patients underwent calf augmentation and reshaping with autologous fat grafting over a period of five years. Ten patients underwent bilateral calf augmentation, and three cases were performed for congenital leg discrepancies.

Prior to the fat transfer, local anesthesia was injected to utilize the smallest amount of effective anesthetic volume. This was also done to precisely place it into the muscle resulting in less sedation and more rapid postoperative recovery.

Fat was harvested from the abdomen, lateral thigh, medial thigh, waistline, flanks, axilla, upper back, and hips. Irrespective of the fat harvest site, liposuction was also performed at the knee to improve contour.

A mean of 157 cc of separated fat was transferred per leg, with roughly 60% and 40% transferred into the medial and lateral calf, respectively. Injections were first performed directly into the calf muscles and then into the subcutaneous calf tissue.

Four patients underwent a second round of autologous fat injection for further calf augmentation because they desired additional volume. Fat volume was judged to be sufficient when the calf was minimally firm but not tense. At a mean of 19.6 months of follow-up, durable augmentation in calf contour was documented by comparison of standardized preoperative and postoperative photographs.

The research concluded that the use of autologous fat transfer is a viable option compared to the use of traditional silicone implants.

Read more on: http://asj.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/09/01/asj.sjv166

Scar Management Techniques for Surgeons

Each year, it is estimated that around 100 million people in developed countries acquire scars after undergoing elective surgery and surgery for trauma. In a purely cosmetic surgical procedure such as an aesthetic breast surgery, scarring is viewed as a source of dissatisfaction among patients.

Prevention and treatment of unaesthetic scar formation after an operation greatly rests on plastic surgeons who perform these operations. Scarring may have several unpleasant aesthetic and psychological consequences to the patients including diminished self esteem, stigmatization, anxiety and depression.

In a study published at Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, an international, multidisciplinary group of 24 experts developed a set of practical, evidence-based guidelines for the management of linear, hypertrophic and keloid scars which could be useful for surgeons, dermatologists, general practitioners and other physicians involved in the prevention and the treatment of scars.

Here are some of the results:

1. After a surgery, prevention of abnormal scar formation should be a priority. In an elective surgery, the position and length of scar is to be greatly considered. As much as possible, the incision should be parallel to the relaxed skin tension lines. During the operation, the surgeon should ensure that excessive tension on the wound edges is avoided. Several measures may also be done to reduce inflammation, provide rapid wound closure, reduce the risk of infection, and provide an early surgical wound coverage.

2. Following a wound closure, scar prevention consists of three phases: tension relief, hydration/taping/occlusion, and pressure garments. Recent studies show that offloading mechanical forces using a stress-shielding device made from silicone polymer sheets and pressure-sensitive adhesive significantly reduced scar formation. Also, the use of botulinum toxin A decreases tensile forces on post-surgical scars and results in significant improvements in the cosmetic appearances of scars compared with placebo injections.

3. Silicone products may help to prevent excessive scar formation by restoring the water barrier through occlusion and hydration of the stratum corneum and need to be used as soon as the wound/suture is healed. Moisturizing emollient and humectant creams and moisture-retentive dressings such as silicone sheets and fluid silicone gel have been shown to be beneficial for itching scars, and can also reduce the size and pain or discomfort associated with scars as well as improving their appearance.

4. Randomized studies in animals and humans have shown that ultraviolet radiation increases scar pigmentation and worsens their clinical appearance. A preventive measure of avoiding exposure to sunlight and the continued use of sunscreens with a high to maximum sun protection factor (>50) until the scar has matured is recommended.

5. For patients with linear hypertrophic scars who have further scar maturation after 6 months, silicone therapy should be continued for as long as necessary. For those with an ongoing hypertrophy, more invasive measures are indicated such as the use of intralesional corticosteroids. This is the only invasive management option which currently has enough supporting evidence to be recommended in evidence-based guidelines.

Additional injectable treatment options which may help to treat hypertrophic scars (and keloids) include bleomycin, 5-fluorouracil and verapamil, although the evidence to support these is currently more limited than for intralesional corticosteroids. If the patient develops a permanent (>1 year) hypertrophic scar, surgical scar revision may be considered.

Pressure therapy has recently been considered as an ‘evidence-based’ modality for the treatment of scars. The mechanism of its action remains poorly understood despite its widespread use around the world. Part of the effect of pressure could involve reduction of oxygen tension in the wound through occlusion of small blood vessels resulting in a decrease of (myo)fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. Pressure therapy can also provide symptomatic treatment benefits such as the alleviation of oedema, itchiness and pain which may contribute to the patient's well-being.

Laser therapy is another invasive option which can be used to treat the surface texture of abnormal scars and may also be suitable for the treatment of residual redness, telangiectasias or hyperpigmentation. This has also been advocated for the prevention or minimization of both post-surgical and traumatic scars, and even in combination with botulinum toxin. An increasing number of articles being published on the successful management of hypertrophic scars with lasers is increasing the interest in this therapeutic modality.

6. Keloids are also best treated in centres with specialized expertise. Patients with growing minor or major keloids should first be treated with silicones in combination with pressure therapy and intralesional injections of corticosteroids. Some experts recommend that the lateral parts of keloids should not be excised, but should be joined together and left in situ. However, others have objected to this proposal and consider that the cells from these lateral parts of the keloid are more active in terms of collagen production.

Both electron beam irradiation and brachytherapy with iridium 192 can be used after surgical removal of the keloid to reduce recurrence rates. Objections were raised because of the potential risk of inducing malignancy but a study conducted has concluded that the risk of malignancy attributable to keloid radiation therapy is minimal.

Cryotherapy may also be used as an invasive treatment modality for keloids. In a study of 10 patients, scar volume was significantly reduced by 54% after one intralesional treatment with no recurrence over an 18-month follow-up period.

7. Silicone therapy is advocated as a non-invasive first-line prophylactic and treatment option for both hypertrophic scars and keloids. For non-invasive scar management options. silicone sheets and silicone gels are universally considered as the gold standard in scar management and the only non-invasive preventive and therapeutic measure for which there is enough supporting data to make evidence-based recommendations.

Silicone therapy is easy to use and is associated with only minimal side effects such as pruritus, contact dermatitis and dry skin. This therapy is believed to prevent and treat scars through occlusion and subsequent hydration of the scar tissue. Several clinical studies have indicated the beneficial effects of silicone gels in the prevention and treatment of scars. Several comparative studies with silicone sheets have shown that fluid silicone gels have at least equivalent efficacy although patients may find the gel formulations easier to use.

Scars may leave several psychological impacts on patients after their surgery. It is important that appropriate scar management measures are done and tailored to the needs of the individual patient and wound requirement. Preventive measures should be prioritized and applied before, during, and after wound closure.

For more details, you may visit:

http://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(14)00173-9/fulltext

Motivations for Cosmetic Procedure in Numbers

Great news for Med Spa practitioners! American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS) studies reveal that nearly 75% of adult men and women in Texas are considering or have had a cosmetic procedure on the face or neck. The other 25% of the 160 Texans surveyed are undecided, which suggests most people in Dallas have a never-say-never attitude about having nips and tucks.

Here are the survey results about the motivations why Texans are interested in aesthetic surgery:

•  22% say that they were frustrated because of their pictures on social media
•  31% of the men, compared to 19% of the women were more concerned about looking better in their selfies
• 13% were motivated because of upcoming major life events, such as a wedding celebration, 
• 15% were motivated to go under the knife, laser, needle and more in order to remain professionally competitive
• nearly 33% of the men said they considered facial plastic surgery to stay competitive in the workforce, compared to 10% of women
• 40% said they’re most bothered by their necks
• 39% are bothered by their eyes
• 33% are bothered by their lips, followed by noses and foreheads

According to AFPRS President Stephen S. Park, M.D., 

Over the last five years, the selfie craze has exploded across all age groups. Photographs on social media can deliver a distorted image of reality, holding up a magnifying glass to flaws, real or perceived. This is causing plastic surgery requests to skyrocket in both teens as well as adults.

More on:http://cosmeticsurgerytimes.modernmedicine.com/cosmetic-surgery-times/news/nip-tuck-survey-why-texans-want-treatment

Radiesse: FDA Approved For Hand Rejuvenation

Radiesse is now FDA approved for "hand rejuvenation".

Radiesse is an FDA approved dermal filler for smoothening out facial wrinkles and facial contouring. Recently, Radiesse got its FDA approval, making it the only FDA-approved filler for the hands although hyaluronic acid has been used by physicans for years.

The product, according to its website, can hide visible bones and tendons, making the hands look more youthful and smooth. Radiesse utilizes a safe gel formula that contains calcium microspheres (CaHA). These can immediately create added volume and then stimulate the body to produce collagen which results in volume augmentation that can last for around a year.

According to board-certified plastic surgeon Dr. Brent Moelleken, MD FACS:

Radiesse is a great option as a filler for hands. It’s safe for all skin types, and leaves no obvious line between the hand and wrist. The hands are the last frontier, so-to-speak, and often give away the true age of a woman.

Depending on the severity of the volume loss, patients should expect to pay for about one to two syringes of Radiesse at an average cost of $800 - $1,200 per syringe for their hands.

Dr. Moelleken adds that because of the product's pliability and softness, it is a great filler which may also be used for deep filling in the face.

Patients are cautioned to seek out experienced and board-certified plastic surgeon in using the Radiesse hand filler because of the many veins, nerves, and arteries in the hand. During the clinical trials, patients showed swelling, redness, bruising and pain in injection sites.

Because of this recent development, cosmetic doctors may now offer enhancement and rejuvenation for both the hands and faces of their patients.

For more information, you may visit:

https://global.radiesse.com/treatment-options/hands#hands

FDA Approved Saline-filled Breast Implants

Ideal Implant Incorporated has recently announced the FDA approval of its Structured Breast Implant for use in the United States and Canada.

The breast implant was designed by a plastic surgeon and it is the first to provide women with the feel of silicone gel-filled implants combined with the safety of only saline inside. The natural feel of the breast implant is attributed to its patented unique design and internal structure which was a product of more than 10 years of research and clinical studies.

As to its design, the company's website provides the following:

Years of research and testing led to this innovative design, with a series of implant shells nested together and two separate chambers, which hold the saline filler. The internal structure controls movement of the saline, and is designed to reduce folding and wrinkling, thought to be the main cause of implant rupture and deflation. On the outside, the edges have been lowered for better contouring to the chest wall.

According to Robert Hamas, MD, a Dallas plastic surgeon:

Now, for the first time, women can have a breast implant that offers them a natural feel without silicone gel. It has only saline inside for their safety and peace of mind. Unlike silicone gel implants that have a high incidence of silent rupture that requires an MRI scan for detection, with the Ideal Implant, a women can look in the mirror each day and have the confidence of knowing her implants are intact.

In a study, patient satisfaction for those who received their first breast implants were at 94.3% while those who had replacements for their previous implants was at 90.6%. The high satisfaction rating among women were attributed to the natural feel of the implants coupled with ease of mind because of its saline-filled components. The surgeon satisfaction was also high at 95.9% for primary implants and 91.7% for replacements.

For more info,

you may visit www.idealimplant.com

or contact Adeena Fried, 917-633-4380, idealimplant@evolvemkd.com

Fear of the Unknown in Cosmetic Surgery

A study commissioned by CCR Expo reveals that only half of the women who are interested in cosmetic surgery actually undergo the procedure.

Aside from cost, CCR Expo research reveals that there is actually fear of botched treatment as seen in media, wariness in the results (patients fear that they might not like what they will see in the mirror), and not knowing if the practitioners themselves are qualified to perform the procedure.

The annual CCR Expo, or the Clinical Cosmetic and Reconstructive Expo 2015, will be held on October 8-9, 2015 at the Olympia National Hall, London, United Kingdom. Prior to the event, three surveys were conducted among to know the opinion of various individuals including aesthetic practitioners, medics such as general practitioners and dentists, and the women patients who constitute majority of the patients undergoing such treatments.

Notwithstanding the governments efforts to regulate and "clean up" the cosmetic surgery arena, research revealed that patients and practitioners alike have a lot of fears. This is attributed to the fact that the aesthetic sector is largely unregulated.

Practitioner's View 

•  There are too many untrained cosmetic providers who perform procedures that damage the reputation of credible and qualified practitioners.
•  There is a lack of training and expertise in the following: facial anatomy, diagnosing and coping with complications, wrong treatments, and the use of unproven products.
• Medical colleagues see that there is a strong prejudice for practicing aestheticians and the later are regardes as "beneath them". On the other hand, the survey also revealed that colleagues saw the field as lucrative but they got scared to enter because of lack of knowledge.
• 90% of the surveyed GPs and dentists had considered providing aesthetic treatments, yet they did not push through because of: lack of specialized training, concerns in tax regulations and botched jobs, not understanding its legal frameworks, and the marketing involved.

According to CCR Expo organizer Peter Jones:

We don’t necessarily encourage more clinicians to join the aesthetics arena, but our research clearly shows there is a strong desire for more clarity in the sector, alongside some understandable concerns. At CCR Expo our logic is, if you’re going to do it, then do it right! This is why we have put together a full programme and roster of experts who can offer support and guidance to those who do wish to enter this field, so they have the tools enabling them to practise ethically and safely.

Clinicians have honed their careers over many years – sometimes decades, and being protective of their reputation is entirely natural. We are here to help them train andmaintain their hard-earned standing, whilst also helping keep the public safe. They certainly deserve no less.

More on: https://www.prime-journal.com/fears-continue-to-grow-around-aesthetics-sector/

Avoid Medspa Litigation Claims = Provide Comprehensive Information

Exceptional patient services will do more than just keep your patients happy, they'll also keep you out of court (or may your stay much shorter).

In a recently decided case of James v. Decorato, the defendant medical practitioner was absolved of liability after showing to the court the the patient has been adequately informed about the procedure that she will be undergoing.

Their case stemmed when the patient and plaintiff Rebecca B. James sued the defendants John W. Decorato, M.D. and Aesthetic Pavilion, LLC for alleged negligence and malpractice by the latter. In her complaint, Rebecca claimed there was negligence in the performance of various cosmetic surgeries which included liposuction, blepharoplasty, lipoplasty, autologous gluteal augmentation with fat grafting, submental and neck smartlipo, bilateral transconjunctival lower blepharoplasty with CO2 laser resurfacing, and autologous upper and lower lip augmentation with fat grafting.

She alleged that there the malpractice resulted in the formation of excessive and severe scarring, non-uniform appearance of her abdomen, concave left inner thigh with pain, hypo-pigmented skin under eyes leaving non-uniform skin color on the face, among others.

Further, she said that Dr. Decorato violated the Public Health Law when he allegedly failed to disclose alternatives, risks and benefits that may arise after the treatment. She said that had she known of them, she would not have undergone with the treatments altogether.

In an answer, Dr. Decorato said that the plaintiff was able to sign multiple consent forms which outlined the risks and effects that may happen after the treatment. The defendant doctor also argued that the plaintiff's argument must be summarily dismissed because they only stemmed out of her dissatisfaction with the results of the procedures.

In support, Dr. Decorato submitted to the court the examination done by Dr. Theodore Diktaban, a certified Plastic, Reconstructive as well as Head and Neck Surgeon. Dr. Diktaban indicated that he was able to review the consent forms signed by the plaintiff and found them all clear and complete.

According to Dr. Diktaban's affidavit,

The forms adequately provided for the proposed procedures, alternatives thereto, and the reasonably foreseeable risks and benefits associated therewith, including the need for revisionary surgery. The lack of an informed consent could not be a proximate cause of any of plaintiff's subjective dissatisfaction, which she classifies as injuries. Regarding the issue on malpractice and negligence, the pre-and post-operative care rendered to plaintiff comports with good and accepted medical practice.

He further opined that the results of plaintiff's surgery were devoid of any functional deficits, except for the purported and subjective paresthesias of the left medial thigh.

These claims were opposed by the plaintiff Rebecca and presented the statement of a cosmetic surgeon, Dr. Richard Marfuggi. He claimed that after examining Rebecca, he can say that "with a reasonable degree of medical probability, the complications experienced by plaintiff were the result of Dr. Decorato's failure to follow good and accepted practice".

According to the Supreme Court, the basis for establishing the liability of the physician is the departure of the physician from accepted community standards of practice and this was the proximate or direct cause of the plaintiff's injuries.

The Supreme Court sided with Dr. Decorato and summarily dismissed the case. Dr. Decorato, with the affirmation of the statement of Dr. Diktaban, was able to show that indeed he did not deviate from accepted medical procedures. The Supreme Court noted that the plaintiff's claim of "lack of informed consent" has not been proven. Instead, Dr. Decorato was able to produce in evidence the fact that Rebecca was able to sign the consent forms.

On the other hand, the plaintiff Rebecca and Dr. Marfuggi's affidavits did not show any medical evidence establishing that Dr. Decorato was indeed negligent. According to the Supreme Court, Dr. Marfuggi's recitation of facts failed to address the concern of whether or not this was a departure from accepted practices.

Note to self: make sure that all forms are clear and complete.